IT security in e-commerce

A WAF protects web applications from application-layer attacks such as:

• SQL Injection
• Cross-Site Scripting (XSS)
• Remote Code Execution

It operates as a filtering layer for HTTP/HTTPS traffic, blocking malicious requests before they reach the store’s application.

These attacks can lead to website downtime and a drop in sales. Anti-DDoS technologies analyze network traffic and filter out the massive volume of artificial requests intended to overwhelm the store’s server.

A CDN speeds up website performance but also enhances security because it:

• distributes traffic across multiple servers,
• reduces the impact of DDoS attacks,
• hides the origin infrastructure.

As a result, the store is faster and more resilient to overload.

A significant portion of internet traffic comes from bots—both legitimate and malicious. Bot management systems detect and block automated traffic used, for example, for:

• credential stuffing (mass testing of login credentials),
• price and product scraping by competitors,
• automated purchasing of goods.

These technologies often use machine learning and user behavior analysis to distinguish between real human traffic and automated activity.

EDR (Endpoint Detection and Response) platforms protect servers and workstations from cyberattacks, including malware and ransomware.

They monitor:

• system processes,
• application behavior,
• attempts at privilege escalation.

Modern e-commerce platforms rely on multiple integrations (payments, logistics, marketplaces).

Therefore, they use:

• API Gateway,
• API Security,
• rate limiting and tokenization.

More and more organizations use a SOC (Security Operations Center) service to monitor their environment 24/7. A team of experienced analysts leverages EDR, NDR, and SIEM tools, analyzes data, and responds to potential threats. Their responsibilities include:

• monitoring and incident detection,
• threat analysis and classification,
• isolation and containment of attacks,
• system recovery,
• reporting and post-incident analysis.

A process involving the regular identification and remediation of security vulnerabilities in systems and applications.

It includes:

• vulnerability scanning,
• analysis of results,
• prioritization of fixes,
• implementation of updates and patches.

In e-commerce, this is particularly important due to frequent updates of sales platforms and integrations.

A process of collecting and analyzing information about new attack techniques and threats. It enables organizations to:

• identify new phishing and malware campaigns,
• update detection rules,
• prepare for new attack vectors.

Proactive searching for threats in the IT environment that have not been detected by standard security systems.

Analysts examine telemetry data and formulate hypotheses about potential attacks.

A process of developing and optimizing threat detection mechanisms.

It includes:

• creating detection rules,
• adapting security systems to the specifics of the environment,
• reducing the number of false positives.

E-commerce platforms rely on multiple integrations (payments, logistics, marketing). The NIS2 Directive, which also applies to the e-commerce sector, requires organizations to ensure the security of their supply chain.

The process includes:

• assessing vendor security,
• controlling API integrations,
• monitoring risks associated with external services.

A process that ensures the rapid restoration of system operations after a failure or cyberattack.

It includes:

• backups,
• data recovery plans,
• testing of disaster recovery procedures.